大家好我是浣熊老師，各位有玩過寶可夢GO或是皮克敏嗎？這兩款手機遊戲都有一項有趣的特色，就是將走路與遊戲機制結合，寶可夢GO需要依靠走路來孵蛋，而皮克敏則需要累積走路步數讓花苗成長，但對於上班族或是學生來說，一天能夠走路的時間僅有幾小時，於是搖步機便應運而生，它能夠透過擺動的方式模擬雙腿行走時的擺動，讓手機內建的加速度感測器誤以為你在進行走動。

今天浣熊老師要帶大家使用積木和Micro:bit來創造一個搖步機，讓你就算在定點也能輕鬆累積步數哦！

現在就讓浣熊老師一步步教大家如何製作吧！

◆ 組裝步驟

搖步機簡單來說就是一個會左右擺動的手機架，因此第一步我們要製作出手機架背面的滑軌，需要使用到11孔長條、5×13孔超長方框、3孔1/4弧長條以及20mm 軸扣鍵(圖一)，並依照圖示將他們安裝在一起(圖二、三)。

第二步我們要來做出伸縮桿，需要使用到3x13孔超長方框、5孔長條、3孔1/4弧長條以及栓扣鍵(圖四)，依照圖示將零件組裝成部件A(圖五)。

接著將部件A插入滑軌當中(圖六)，伸縮桿要能夠在滑軌之間滑動。

第三步我們要製作穩定伸縮桿的部件，需要使用到5孔長條、11孔長條、20mm 軸扣鍵以及軸轉接器(圖七)，依照圖示將零件組裝成部件B、C以及部件D(圖八)。

接著分別將部件B、C以及部件D安裝在滑軌與伸縮桿上(圖九)，這三個部件就像是護欄一樣，能夠防止伸縮桿在滑動時脫離滑軌。

第四步我們要將橡皮筋安裝在手機架上，需要使用到橡皮筋以及20mm 軸扣鍵(圖十)，首先將橡皮筋套入20mm 軸扣鍵的溝槽，接著依照圖示將20mm 軸扣鍵安裝在5×13孔超長方框上(圖十一)。

接著將橡皮筋的另一端同樣套入20mm 軸扣鍵的溝槽，並依照圖示將20mm 軸扣鍵安裝在伸縮桿的5孔長條上，橡皮筋就固定好囉(圖十二)。

現在要進行滑動機構的測試，當我們將伸縮桿拉出來時，橡皮筋會因為受力而產生形變；當我們放手時，伸縮桿會因為彈力的作用滑動回原本的位置(影片一)。

第五步我們要製作搖步機的支架，需要使用到5×15孔長方框、5x10孔長方框、3孔超長條以及20mm 軸扣鍵(圖十三)，依照圖示將零件組裝成部件E(圖十四、十五)。

第六步我們要製作搖步機的底座，需要使用到micro:bit 智能主控盒、8×12底盤、2凸單孔轉向結合器、底盤結合器、以及栓扣鍵(圖十六)，依照圖示使用底盤結合器結合8×12底盤，並使用栓扣鍵將2凸單孔轉向結合器安裝在micro:bit 智能主控盒下方(圖十七)。

接著依照圖示將部件E和micro:bit 智能主控盒安裝在8×12底盤上方(圖十八)。

第七步我們要製作搖步機的底座，需要使用到180度角度金屬伺服馬達、3孔超長條、軸轉接器、100mmⅡ軸、以及栓扣鍵(圖十九)，首先使用Makecode程式將180度角度伺服馬達的角度調整到90度，再依照圖示將零件組裝成部件F(圖二十)。

接著依照圖示將部件F和安裝在部件E上方(圖二一)。

第八步我們要將手機架與支架結合，對準紅色箭頭的方向(圖二二)，將100mmⅡ軸插入手機架上的軸轉接器(圖二三)。

最後將180度角度伺服馬達的杜邦接頭安裝在腳位0(圖二四)，搖步機的模型就完成囉(圖二五)，現在就讓我們一起來進行程式的編寫吧！

◆ 程式編寫

在編寫程式前，要先請大家進入下列的雲端資料夾，將"搖步機範例程式"的檔案下載至電腦，並透過micro:bit程式編輯網頁來匯入搖步機的範例程式。

搖步機 - Google Drive

Google Drive

當我們成功匯入後，便能夠看到下列程式方塊(圖二六)，相關的程式說明如下：

1. 當主控盒啟動時，將180度角度伺服馬達的角度設為90度，將變數ANGLE設為0，這個變數能夠用於控制搖步機的啟動與否。

2. 當按下按鈕A時，將變數ANGLE設為1(啟動搖步機)；當按下按鈕B時，將變數ANGLE設為0(關閉搖步機)。

3. 當變數ANGLE設為1時，讓180度角度伺服馬達的角度在75度與105度之間來會變化，否則讓角度維持在90度。

◆ 模型操作

現在就讓我們來操作搖步機吧！‌‌首先需要將手機固定在手機架上，接著啟動主控盒後按下按鈕A，手機便會快速左右搖擺，產生雙腳移動的效果，手機的計步器也會開始計算步數，當按下按鈕B時，能夠讓搖步機停止擺動(影片一)。

◆結語

透過這次搖步機的製作過程，我們不僅親手賦予了積木動態的生命力，更在組裝的過程中觀察到機械結構與軟體運作的奧秘。大家可以嘗試加入不同的裝飾，打造出更有個人風格的搖步機，或是修改程式產生不規律地擺動，防止應用程式鎖定步數。每一次的調整與測試，都是鍛鍊邏輯思考與解決問題的最佳機會，並在未來學習的過程中提供最大的助力，創作出更多有趣的機械模型！

今天的分享就到這邊，喜歡這篇文章的話記得幫浣熊老師大力分享出去，我們下次見囉，拜拜！

◆科學原理：

搖步機使用了角度伺服馬達（Servo Motor）來控制手機的搖擺角度，角度伺服馬達又稱為舵機(圖二七)，而它與一般馬達的差別在於馬達在通電後會不斷的轉動，而透過程式能夠控制馬達的旋轉方向與旋轉速度；角度伺服馬達則是向指針一樣，能夠透過程式精確固定在特定的角度，或在一定的區間轉動（常見為0度~180度，部分能達到360度）。廣泛應用於機器人關節、航模轉向、攝影雲台、工業自動化裝配線及自動開關門等精密控制領域。

◆課綱參考：

INf-Ⅲ-2 科技在生活中的應用與對環境與人體的影響。

生 k-V-1 能了解工程與設計的基本知識，如：工程設計流程、動力機構、 結構設計、工程材料、機電控制等。

生 A-V-1 機構與結構的設計與應用。

#Gigo智高#學習實驗室#趣味實驗室#Gigo Lab#教具系列

◆參考資料：

計步器 - 維基百科，自由嘅百科全書

Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.維基媒體項目貢獻者

加速規 - 維基百科，自由的百科全書

Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.維基媒體專案貢獻者

舵机 | LEARN

简介

LEARN

Hello everyone, I'm Teacher Sloth! In this series, Teacher Sloth will share some block creations, some may be complex mechanical designs, while others may be simple model creations, so that every time you click on an article, it's like opening a "Creative Treasure Box," always full of unexpected surprises!

With advances in manufacturing, toys have become increasingly elaborate. Some dazzle with bright lights and music, while others can even transform and dance – it's a real explosion of variety. However, I, Teacher Sloth, actually prefer simple and unadorned toys. Their straightforward design, coupled with their entertainment value, sparks the creativity for DIY projects.

Today, I want to share a classic childhood toy with you: the Tumbling Toy. This toy consists of just a staircase and a little figure, yet the figure can somersault down the steps one by one, flipping over with each descent. Overall, it's a very soothing and enjoyable little toy!

Today we're going to use Gigo blocks and the principles of gravity to create our very own tumbling toy!

★ Parts Preparation

Below are the parts you'll need for this model. You can choose your own colors.

★Assembly Steps

Tower

1. First, we connect three C-15 HOLE DUAL ROD together, and use C-5 HOLE ROD to connect and reinforce each rod, for a total of two groups.

2. Then we connect the two brackets with the C-11 HOLE ROD. Be sure to place it above the bracket so as not to affect the subsequent model movement.

3. Next, place the finished tower on the C-BASE GRID.

4. After completion, we will start making the stairs. We use four C-150mm AXLE as the stairs. The best effect is to have at least 7~9 cm (7-9 grids) between each staircase!

Tumbling Toy

1. Let's start building the tumbling toy. We'll take four C-7 HOLE ROUND ROD and divide them into two pairs. Then, connect the top and bottom of each pair using a C-5 HOLE ROD in the middle as shown.

2. Flip step 1 over, connect one with a C-5 HOLE ROD in the middle, and connect the other with a C-5 HOLE PROLATE ROD in the middle.

3. Connect the C-5 HOLE ROD and the C-5 HOLE PROLATE ROD to make them into one.

4. Finally, we pass the C-70mm AXLE and two C-40T GEAR through the middle hole to increase the counterweight of the tumbling toy machine.

★ How to Play

Give it a try! Place the tumbling toy on the highest step and watch it flip its way down to the bottom, one step at a time!

★ Tips and Tricks

You might fail a few times when you first finish building it, but don't get discouraged! We just need to make a few small adjustments.

First, after placing the tumbling toy, don't push it hard. Too much force will cause it to become unbalanced, hit the next step, and fly off.

Instead, gently give it a small push after placing it. Let gravity do the work and pull it down naturally. This will give you a much higher chance of success!

★ Scientific Principle

The scientific principle we're using here is "gravity."

Gravity is the force of attraction that the Earth exerts on objects. Because the Earth has a very large mass, the gravity it produces is also very strong, which is why we feel it so intensely. This is why we're always drawn towards the Earth and don't float off into space.

Gravity has a wide range of everyday applications, from the well-known story of Newton's apple to water flowing downhill and even weighing ourselves on a scale.

In this model, as one side of the tumbling toy falls downwards, the other side follows due to gravity. When it's halfway through its rotation, it hits the next step, causing it to fall downwards in the opposite direction. This action repeats continuously, making it look like it's tumbling down the stairs!

★ Postscript

This seemingly simple model actually contains some profound scientific principles! Through repeated testing, you'll discover how factors like the amount of force you apply, the balance of its center of gravity, and its weight all influence gravity's effect. So, why not keep track of the results and the changes you make each time? Step by step, you can figure out the most successful way to make it work. You could even try building a taller staircase to challenge it to tumble down even more steps!

◆References:

Gravity: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity

◆ Curriculum:

• 3-5-ETS1-3
      Plan and carry out fair tests in which variables are controlled and failure points are considered to identify aspects of a model or prototype that can be improved.

• 3-5-ETS1-1
      Define a simple design problem reflecting a need or a want that includes specified criteria for success and constraints on materials, time, or cost.
• 3-5-ETS1-2
      Generate and compare multiple possible solutions to a problem based on how well each is likely to meet the criteria and constraints of the problem.

Hello everyone, I'm Teacher Sloth! In this series, Teacher Sloth will share some block creations, some may be complex mechanical designs, while others may be simple model creations, so that every time you click on an article, it's like opening a "Creative Treasure Box," always full of unexpected surprises!

In the toy market, there's one category that never goes out of style — construction vehicles! These toys never fail to make little boys' and girls' eyes light up with excitement. Even today, many manufacturers continue to innovate and produce new designs, and you can still find construction vehicle toys in convenience stores everywhere.

Construction vehicle toys are known for their realistic and practical designs. Through playing with them, children can develop an early understanding of basic mechanical principles. They also get the chance to connect with real-world experiences by engaging in imaginative role-play as construction workers or drivers — all while having fun. Today’s construction vehicle toys are more advanced than ever, with some models featuring lights, sounds, and even the ability to transform!

Today, let's use Gigo A Series building blocks and flexible tubes (A-FLEXI-TUBE) to build a versatile construction vehicle that can easily transform into a dump truck, excavator, or bulldozer — letting you enjoy three kinds of fun all in one!

★ Parts Preparation
Below is the list of components needed for this model. Feel free to choose the colors you like.

★Assembly steps

Construction Vehicle

1. First, we connect three A-2×3 HOLE BASE as shown in the figure below, making two groups in total.

After completion, place the two sets of rectangular parts in opposite directions.

2. After completion, use the A-TRACK CONNECTOR in the middle to connect them to complete the body of the car.

3. Next, angle an A-2×3 Hole Base and attach it to the front of the vehicle’s cab.

Assembling it at an angle can better present the curves of the construction vehicle!

4. Combine six A-OD70 WHEEL with six A-80mm CONNECTOR and place them on the left and right sides of the vehicle body.

Construction vehicles often have machinery installed in the rear half, so a common design features two front wheels and four rear wheels for better support and balance.

Cockpit

Of course, a construction vehicle needs a cockpit for workers to operate it!

We use a A-3 HOLE ROUND ROD and two A-2 HOLE ROD to make a U-shaped structure and place it on the front of the car.

★How to Play
Once you’ve built the basic model, you can customize it with different accessories to transform it into three unique construction vehicles!

1. Gravel Truck
Attach two A-3 HOLE ROUND ROD, three A-4 HOLE ROD, and two A-FLEXI-TUBE to the rear of the vehicle, as shown below.

Now, you can put the goods on the platform, transport them to the designated location, and bend the A-FLEXI-TUBE to unload the goods!

2. Bulldozer
Attach two A-3 HOLE ROUND ROD, two A-4 HOLE BENDED ROD, and two A-FLEXI-TUBE to the front of the vehicle, following the assembly shown below.

Now, you can drive this construction vehicle and remove obstacles on the road!

3. Excavator

By removing the shovel in front of the bulldozer and changing the position of the curved tube, it can be transformed into an excavator.

You can now freely adjust the shovel's angle to drag things.

★Scientific Principles
This activity uses two main scientific principles: elasticity and inclined planes.

The A-FLEXI-TUBE can bend freely at different angles because it has elasticity—the ability of a material to return to its original shape after being deformed by an external force. We use the curved tube’s flexibility to experiment with movements like dumping cargo or extending to dig.

An inclined plane is a sloped surface that allows objects to slide down naturally. When we bend the dump truck’s curved tube, the cargo bed tilts and forms an inclined plane, allowing materials to slide off.

★Postscript  
When exploring more advanced mechanical structures, connecting the learning process to real-life experiences makes it much more effective for children. Since they are already familiar with how these mechanisms work in the world around them, creating and playing with realistic models helps bridge the gap between play and learning. This is exactly why so many modern toys aim for lifelike design and functionality!

◆Reference:

1. Gravel Truck: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dump_truck

2. Bulldozer: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulldozer

3. Excavator: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excavator

★NGSS Curriculum:

• 3-5-ETS1-1 Define a simple design problem reflecting a need or a want that includes specified criteria for success and constraints on materials, time, or cost. ​
• 3-5-ETS1-2 Generate and compare multiple possible solutions to a problem based on how well each is likely to meet the criteria and constraints of the problem.

• 3-5-ETS1-3 Plan and carry out fair tests in which variables are controlled and failure points are considered to identify aspects of a model or prototype that can be improved. ​

• 3-5-ETS1-3 Plan and carry out fair tests in which variables are controlled and failure points are considered to identify aspects of a model or prototype that can be improved. ​

• 3-5-ETS1-2 Generate and compare multiple possible solutions to a problem based on how well each is likely to meet the criteria and constraints of the problem.

大家好，我是樹懶老師！在這個系列中，樹懶老師將會分享一些積木創作，有些可能是複雜的機關設計，有些則是簡單的模型創作，讓你每次點開文章時就像打開了一個「創意百寶箱」，永遠都有意想不到的驚喜喔！

在一些影視作品中，當出現魔幻的花園場景時，我們總能看到鮮花與蝴蝶在飛舞。這是因為蝴蝶是一種非常美麗的昆蟲，其顏色鮮豔的翅膀與飛舞時的輕盈優雅感，能滿足人們對美的追求，彷彿享受了一場視覺饗宴，心情也會不自覺放鬆起來！

今天就讓我們透過智高積木C系列零件 ，搭配電力馬達來製作一個仿真蝴蝶！

★準備工作

零件清單

以下是模型所需要的材料清單。

★組裝步驟

1. 將兩個8x12底盤組合，並將兩個5x5孔正方框放置於圖示位置。

2. 我們將兩個5x5孔正方框底下放上長結合鍵，並將其放置在步驟一的正方框下兩格的位置(中間空一排)。

3. 接下來我們裝上馬達與20T齒輪，注意步驟2的正方框必須凸點朝上，才不會遇到封死的孔位。

4. 將100mm軸與40T齒輪穿過正方框最內側的孔洞，完成與20T齒輪的齒輪傳動。

注意100mm軸穿到一半時要先穿上40T齒輪

5. 接著我們在步驟一的正方框上加入兩個40T齒輪，再次與步驟四的20T齒輪完成齒輪減速傳動。

這邊建議大家先測試齒輪運轉是否順暢，避免影響後續的模型效果喔！

6. 再來是翅膀的結構，我們需要使用3孔長條、5孔長條、5孔超長條、短結合鍵、2凸單孔轉向結合器以及3孔1/4弧長條完成以下兩個部件。

7. 將兩個部件結合，並放置於兩個5X5正方框中間的空位。

8. 將兩個11孔長條用軸扣鍵安裝在2凸單孔轉向結合器。

注意兩邊的曲軸應高度相同、方向相反

9. 創意時間到！你可以自己繪製或是上網找蝴蝶翅膀的圖片，將其剪下並黏貼在11孔長條上。

10. 最後是蝴蝶的頭部與身體，這部分也能自行發揮設計！

完成後將其放置於模型上，並將馬達連接電池座即可完成！

★玩法

向左或向右開啟電池做的開關，便可欣賞蝴蝶拍動翅膀的效果！

★科學原理

本次使用到的科學原理為「齒輪傳動」

我們都知道齒輪比的大小會影響模型的作動效果，而在模型中共有兩組20T齒輪帶動40T齒輪傳動的結構，一組20T轉動40T會帶來1/2的減速，因此兩組就會產生1/2 x 1/2 = 1/4的減速效果。

這樣的減速效果能放慢翅膀的拍動速度，讓蝴蝶作動更加真實，也能避免過快的轉動速度導致結構損壞！

★後記

本次的模型概念其實參考了#1235R的雨刷模型，當樹懶老師看到雨刷擺上擺下時，心想如果雨刷左右相反、再加上紙卡，是不是就能做出蝴蝶拍動翅膀的感覺？這個模型也因此誕生。

有空時不妨多觀察現有的模型，也許也會有意想不到的靈感喔！

參考資料：

蝴蝶 - 維基百科，自由的百科全書

Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.維基媒體專案貢獻者

減速器 - 維基百科，自由的百科全書

Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.維基媒體專案貢獻者

課綱參考：

tm-Ⅲ-1 能經由簡單的探究與理解建立模型，且能從觀察及實驗過程中，理解到有不同模型的存在。

綜-3.樂於學習對生活事物充滿好奇與喜好探究之心，體會與感受學習的樂趣，並能主動發現問題及解決問題，持續學習。

自-E-A1 能運用五官，敏銳的觀察周遭環境，保持好奇心、想像力持續 探索自然。

身-中-2-2-2　綜合運用抓、握、扭轉、揉、捏的精細動作。

Hello everyone, I'm Teacher Sloth! In this series, Teacher Sloth will share some block creations, some may be complex mechanical designs, while others may be simple model creations, so that every time you click on an article, it's like opening a "Creative Treasure Box," always full of unexpected surprises!

In an era where attention spans are shrinking and short videos dominate, developing a habit of reading has become an important trend. Reading helps us slow down and focus long enough to finish an entire book, effectively improving our concentration. As we read more, we become more open to diverse perspectives and are able to build a broader and more unique worldview.

Thanks to years of promotion, e-readers — which allow you to carry a large library of books and offer long battery life — have captured people’s hearts with their convenience and versatility, becoming an essential part of the modern reading journey.

Today, let’s build a versatile bookshelf that not only holds your e-reader, tablet, or books, but also allows you to adjust the angle freely for the most comfortable reading experience!

★ Assembly Steps

Platform

The following is a list of components that the platform needs to prepare.

1. Connect the six C-5×15 FRAME into two 5x15 rectangular frames and place the C-LONG PEG at the back end.

2. Then place the C-11 HOLE ROD and the C-9 HOLE ROD FRONT CLOSED on the left and right sides, making sure they are not reversed!

3. Next, we make the swivel clamp. First, connect the two C-3 HOLE DUAL ROD with the C-HINGE as shown in the figure below.

4. Once completed, place it in the holes on the left and right sides of the C-15 HOLE DUAL ROD and connect it to step 2 with C-LONG PEG.

5. Next is the groove on the back. First prepare five C-5 HOLE ROD, put C-LONG PEG on two of them on the left and right sides, and put the remaining three in the second and fourth holes, as shown in the figure below.

6. Place these rods on the back of the squares on the first and second layers, with one row between each rod to create different angles.

Base Assembly

The following is a list of components required for the base.

1. Connect the C-5×5 FRAME and the C-5×10 FRAME as shown below. Be sure to check the direction so that there are five empty holes on each side.

2. After completing the connection, place the C-15 HOLE DUAL ROD and the C-5 HOLE DUAL ROD on the left and right sides. Please note that the first hole of the C-15 HOLE DUAL ROD will protrude out.

3. Place the C-HINGE on the first hole of the C-15 HOLE DUAL ROD and combine it with the main structure!

Support Frame

The following is a list of components required for the support frame.

1. Finally, we come to the most important support frame. Pay attention to the connection direction of the C-5 HOLE DUAL ROD and the C-3 HOLE DUAL ROD in the picture. Only with the correct direction can the C-5×5 FRAME be used to connect the three holes!

2. After completion, connect the left and right sides with C-7 HOLE ROUND ROD.

3. Stand the assembly up and place the C-3 HOLE DUAL ROD and the C-AXLE CONNECTOR in the two middle holes.

Other combination pegs are also acceptable, but the C-AXLE CONNECTOR has the best locking effect.

4. Prepare two C-1 HOLE CONNECTOR, place the C-AXLE CONNECTOR to the left and right respectively, and finally connect them with the C-7 HOLE ROUND ROD.

5. Finally, place it on the base, and it will be done at the position of the second row of C-5×5 FRAME!

★How to play

Place your e-book reader, tablet or book on the platform and secure it with the swivel clip.

The support frame can be stuck in different grooves to achieve different reading angles.

★ Scientific Principles
This model is based on the scientific principle of structural mechanics, specifically the triangular structure, which is commonly found in everyday life. Among all geometric shapes, the triangle is the most stable. Its mechanical advantage lies in its ability to evenly distribute force across its three sides and angles, allowing it to bear loads much heavier than its own weight without deforming. Triangular structures are widely used in real-world applications, such as in houses, truss bridges, camera tripods, and large construction machinery.

The truss bridge uses multiple interconnected triangular structures to enhance its stability.
In this model, when the C-AXLE CONNECTOR of the support frame locks into the groove on the back of the platform, the support frame, base, and platform together form a triangular structure. This design helps stabilize the weight of the object and prevents the structure from collapsing.

★Postscript
When designing structures, we often assume that more sides or larger shapes are needed to support greater forces. However, having too many sides actually requires more complex design to maintain stability. In contrast, a triangle — with just three sides — provides the most stable form, capable of supporting an entire bookshelf or even a bridge. It's truly fascinating!
There are even more creative ideas waiting for you in the Creative Treasure Box. Stay tuned for more exciting unboxings to come!

Keywords:
Bookshelf, Reading, E-Reader, Triangular Structure, Multi-Functional Reading Stand, Creative Model, Design Creation, Teacher Sloth, Gigo Blocks

★NGSS Curriculum:

• Performance Expectation: 3-5-ETS1-1: "Define a simple design problem reflecting a need or a want that includes specified criteria for success and constraints on materials, time, or cost."​

• Performance Expectation: K-2-ETS1-1: "Ask questions, make observations, and gather information about a situation people want to change to define a simple problem that can be solved through the development of a new or improved object or tool."​

• Performance Expectation: 3-5-ETS1-2: "Generate and compare multiple possible solutions to a problem based on how well each is likely to meet the criteria and constraints of the problem."​

• Performance Expectation: MS-PS2-2: "Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object’s motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object."
• Disciplinary Core Idea (DCI): ETS1.C: Optimizing the Design Solution​
• Performance Expectation: MS-ETS1-4: "Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved."

大家好我是浣熊老師，你有玩過拉繩玩具嗎？拉繩玩具透常會帶有一根繩子，透過拉動繩子能夠賦予玩具動力，產生旋轉或是位置的變化，今天浣熊老師要帶大家使用積木來製作一個名為爬樹小猴子的拉繩玩具。只要拉動繩子就可以讓小猴子往上爬唷！

現在就讓浣熊老師一步步教大家如何製作吧！

◆ 組裝步驟

第一步我們要製作小猴子的手部和軀幹，需要使用到7孔圓角長條、2凸單孔轉向結合器以及短結合鍵(圖一)，並依照圖示將他們組裝成部件A與部件B(圖二)。

接著將部件A與部件B安裝在7孔圓角長條的左右兩側(圖三)，完成手部和軀幹的製作。

第二步我們要製作小猴子的足部，需要使用到7孔圓角長條、2凸單孔轉向結合器以及30mm軸扣鍵，依照圖示將它們安裝在一起(圖四)。

接著同樣將它們安裝在7孔圓角長條的左右兩側(圖五)，完成足部的製作。

第三步我們要來安裝橡皮筋，需要使用到橡皮筋以及栓扣鍵(圖六)，首先將橡皮筋穿過做為軀幹的7孔圓角長條(圖七)，接著使用栓扣鍵將橡皮筋固定在足部的左右兩側(圖八)。

第四步我們要來穿入棉繩，可以使用一般市售的棉繩或是智高套組內附的特多龍線(圖九)，首先將棉繩由上而下穿入手部中央的2凸單孔轉向結合器(圖十)。

接著依照圖示將棉繩由上而下穿入足部，位置介於中間以及右側的30mm軸扣鍵之間(圖十一)。

再來依照圖示將棉繩由下而上穿入中間以及左側30mm軸扣鍵之間的空隙(圖十二)，最後將棉繩由上而下穿入左側的30mm軸扣鍵與2凸單孔轉向結合器之間的空隙，完成棉繩的穿入(圖十三)。

第五步我們要增加棉繩與小猴子手部的摩擦力，需要使用30mm 栓釘鍵上的卡榫(圖十四)，將它依照圖示與手部的2凸單孔轉向結合器結合，其中需確保卡榫完整將棉繩塞入2凸單孔轉向結合器當中(圖十五)。

第六步我們要來製作爬樹小猴子的握把，需要使用到11孔長條以及栓扣鍵(圖十六)，依照圖示將棉繩穿過栓扣鍵上的孔洞，預留一小段棉繩後再將栓扣鍵安裝在11孔長條上(圖十七)，兩端的棉繩都依此方式進行安裝，以完成握把的製作。

這樣我們就完成爬樹小猴子的模型囉(圖十八)，現在就讓我們一起看看它的操作方式吧！

◆ 模型操作

我們可以反覆拉動下方的握把，讓小猴子的手部和足部不斷擺動，產生小猴子爬上繩子的效果(影片一)。當我們拉動把手的頻率越高時，小猴子爬上樹的速度就會越快唷！

◆結語

這次所製作的爬樹小猴子結構看似十分簡單，實際上卻讓浣熊老師在發想時傷透了腦筋，因為小猴子模型主要透過手部與腳部的摩擦力差異進行移動，如何精確控制這兩者與繩子的摩擦力大小是最困難的，浣熊老師也是在測試了十餘種零件後才找到最佳的設計(使用栓扣件與手部結合)。大家不訪可以實驗看看，是否有更適合的零件讓小猴子能夠產生更好的爬行效果。
一起來發揮創意吧！

今天的分享就到這邊，喜歡這篇文章的話記得幫浣熊老師大力分享出去，我們下次見囉，拜拜！

◆科學原理：

爬樹小猴子使用到彈力以及摩擦力的科學原理，當我們向下拉動握把時，橡皮筋會產生形變儲存彈力，此時足部與繩子的摩擦力會大於手部與繩子的摩擦力，導致手部往繩子的上方移動，就像是用手抓住上方的繩子一樣；當我們向上抬升握把時，足部與繩子的摩擦力會小於手部與繩子的摩擦力，此時橡皮筋釋放的彈力會帶動足部跟著往繩子的上方移動，提升小猴子在繩子上的相對位子(影片二)，重複此過程便可以讓小猴子逐漸往上爬。

◆課綱參考：

INc-Ⅲ-5 力的大小可由物體的形變或運動狀態的改變程度得知。

Eb-Ⅳ-1 力能引發物體的移動或轉動。

PEb-Ⅴc-5 摩擦力、正向力、彈力等常見的作用力。

#Gigo智高#學習實驗室#趣味實驗室#Gigo Lab

◆參考資料：

紓壓小物-猴子爬樹 | 鄭永銘老師的Blog

玩具成品：CLIMBING MONKEY 木製版本： DIY： Grand Illusions 相關系列玩具： 上則影片中第一個古錢的戲法，頗適合拿來當作能量轉換的示範實驗 雙繩版本： 材料：卡紙、吸管、棉繩、膠帶、彩色筆步驟：1. 在卡紙上畫出小猴子造型（可自行發揮創意或上網搜…

鄭永銘老師的Blog

大家好，我是樹懶老師！在這個系列中，樹懶老師將會分享一些積木創作，有些可能是複雜的機關設計，有些則是簡單的模型創作，讓你每次點開文章時就像打開了一個「創意百寶箱」，永遠都有意想不到的驚喜喔！

泡泡是透過水和肥皂（或其他表面活性劑）的結合，藉由水本身很強的表面張力，讓水分子盡可能地聚在一起，而肥皂中的表面活性劑可以降低水的表面張力，讓水形成一個能包覆空氣的薄膜。

泡泡擁有不同大小與不規則的飄移路線，再加上其漂亮的外表以及一戳即破的特性，因此至今仍深受大小朋友喜愛！

今天就讓我們透過智高積木C系列氣動零件 ，製作一台吹泡泡機吧！

★準備工作

零件清單

以下是模型所需要的材料清單，其中寶特瓶杯口需要自己切割喔！

★組裝步驟

1. 將3孔超長條、15孔超長條以及5x5正方框依圖示方式連接，並分別於前方與後方放上鼓風機馬達與4.5V單孔開關電池座，完成泡泡機主體。

2. 接著我們製作握把，將5x10孔長方框、11孔長條與5孔長條依圖示方式連接。

3. 將5x5正方框與5孔長條連接，並與步驟二的組件連接完成握把。

4. 將握把與主體結合，務必確認有壓緊到位！

5. 接著我們來製作泡泡機的吹口！我們需要自行切割一個寶特瓶杯口，並將其黏貼在氣槍筒上。

為了安全考量，建議由成人或老師完成切割寶特瓶的動作喔！

6. 為了讓泡泡機更加穩定，我們將5孔長條連接至下方的3孔超長條與15孔超長條。

7. 最後，我們將兩個5孔超長條與80T齒輪連接，完成泡泡棒。

★玩法

先打開電池座開關啟動鼓風機，將泡泡棒拿去沾泡泡水，最後將泡泡棒對準氣槍筒就完成囉！

★科學原理

本次使用到的科學原理為「表面張力」與「氣動」

液體具有一種使表面積收縮的力量，這種力量就叫做表面張力。泡泡水裡面有表面活性劑，可以降低水的表面張力，能讓水形成更有彈性的「水膜」。 當你把泡泡棒沾起來時，圓圈上會覆蓋一層超薄、但很有彈性的膜。

風（或嘴吹氣）會把裡面的空氣推向薄膜，使它變成一個鼓起的小氣球，也就成為了我們看到的泡泡！

★後記

除了市售的泡泡水外，我們也可以自己製作泡泡水喔！你只需要準備水、洗碗精與膠水即可！

依照水4、洗碗精2、膠水1的比例，例如500cc的水 + 250cc的洗碗精 + 125cc的膠水，全部攪拌在一起，泡泡水就誕生囉！

不過根據樹懶老師的測試，市售的泡泡水通常經過多次測試與化學配方，因此吹出的泡泡的持久性和穩定性較高，但自製泡泡水仍有獨特的樂趣喔！

參考資料：

表面張力 - 維基百科，自由的百科全書

Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.維基媒體專案貢獻者

如何自製泡泡水？哪裡買的泡泡水CP值最高？泡泡水指南推薦！

小朋友都愛的泡泡水來囉！到底怎麼做出泡泡水呢？超簡單的方法告訴你；若是覺得「什麼都自己做」很麻煩的爸爸媽媽也不用擔心，小編整理了CP值較高的幾種泡泡水，讓爸爸媽媽不用擔心不知道哪裡買唷！

親子天下Shopping

課綱參考：

tm-Ⅲ-1 能經由簡單的探究與理解建立模型，且能從觀察及實驗過程中，理解到有不同模型的存在。

綜-3.樂於學習對生活事物充滿好奇與喜好探究之心，體會與感受學習的樂趣，並能主動發現問題及解決問題，持續學習。

自-E-A1 能運用五官，敏銳的觀察周遭環境，保持好奇心、想像力持續 探索自然。

身-中-2-2-2　綜合運用抓、握、扭轉、揉、捏的精細動作。

Hello everyone! I am Teacher Raccoon.

Have you ever carefully observed the doorbell in your home? A doorbell is a tool that makes a sound to remind the host that a guest is visiting and to ask the host to open the door.

There are many types of doorbells. In ancient China, people would pull the beast-faced ring handle on the door to notify the people inside. In Europe, people would pull a rope to move a heavy object to strike the door bell and make a sound. In modern times, doorbells usually use buzzers to make sound. Some even come with a microphone and camera, allowing homeowners to see their visitors and talk with them.

Today, let Teacher Raccoon lead everyone to use Gigo building blocks to simulate a Woodpecker Doorbell!

Now let Teacher Raccoon walk you through how to make one, step by step!

◆ Assembly Steps

Step 1: In the first step, we are going to make the tree trunk. We need to use the B-CUBE(BROWN) and the B-6 HOLE CUBE (BROWN) (Figure 1). Assemble the parts together as shown in the diagram. When building, please pay attention to the direction of the B-6 HOLE CUBE (Figure 2).

Next, we also need the B-CUBE (BROWN)(Figure 3). Attach them to the left and right sides, as well as the top of the tree trunk, as shown in the diagram (Figure 4).

Step 2: Now, let's create a place to secure the rubber band. You will need the B-CUBE (BROWN) and the B-SHORT PEG (Figure 5). Insert the B-SHORT PEGinto the B-CUBE as shown in the diagram, and then attach it to the tree trunk (Figure 6).

Step 3: You will need the B-SHORT PEG (Figure 7). Install the B-SHORT PEG on the back of the tree trunk as shown in the diagram (Figure 8). This will let us attach it to the C-JUMBO BASE GRID later.

Step 4: Now, we are going to make the woodpecker! You will need the B-CUBE (YELLOW),B-CONVEX (YELLOW), B-CONCAVE (YELLOW), B-6 HOLE CUBE (YELLOW), B-TRIANGLE (WHITE), and the B-SHORT PEG (Figure 9). Assemble them into parts A, B, and C separately as shown in the diagram (Figure 10). Again, please pay attention to the direction of the B-6 HOLE CUBE.

Next, assemble Parts A, B, and C together from top to bottom. The woodpecker's body is now complete! (Figure 11).

Step 5: Now, let's connect the woodpecker to the tree trunk. You will need the C-5 HOLE ROD, C-20mm AXLE CONNECTOR, and the B-SHORT PEG (Figure 12). Assemble them into two "Part D" units as shown in the diagram (Figure 13).

Next, follow the diagram to attach the B-SHORT PEG of Part D to the tree trunk. The C-20mm AXLE CONNECTOR should connect to the woodpecker (Figure 14). Once both Part D units are installed, let's do a movement test! Make sure the woodpecker can rotate smoothly (Video 1).

Step 6: Now, let's install the rubber band. You will need a RUBBER BAND and a C-150mm AXLE I (Figure 15). First, place the RUBBER BAND onto the C-150mm AXLE I. Thread the axle through the B-6 HOLE CUBE inside the woodpecker's body. Once through, pull the axle out and hook both ends of the RUBBER BAND onto the B-SHORT PEGs on the left and right sides. When you finish, the tension from the rubber band will automatically pull the woodpecker's body upright! (Video 2).

Step 7:Let's give the woodpecker eyes and wings! You will need the B-EYE BALLand the B-TRIANGLE (YELLOW) (Figure 16). Attach them to both sides of the woodpecker's body as shown in the diagram (Figure 17). Now, your cute woodpecker is finished!

Step 8: Now, let's install the string. You will need the STRING and a B-SHORT PEG(Figure 18). First, thread the STRING through the hole in the B-SHORT PEG as shown in the diagram. Be sure to leave a short length of string at the end (Figure 19).

Next, attach the B-SHORT PEG to the front of the woodpecker's body. Then, thread the other end of the STRINGthrough the hole of the B-6 HOLE CUBE in the middle of the tree trunk (Figure 20). The string installation is now complete!

Step 9:Let's make the handle! You will need the C-5×5 FRAME, C-5 HOLE ROD, and the C-STATIC AXLE CONNECTOR (Figure 21). First, combine the C-5×5 FRAME and the C-5 HOLE ROD as shown in the diagram. Next, thread the STRING through the hole of the C-STATIC AXLE CONNECTOR, leaving a small amount of string at the end. Finally, attach the C-STATIC AXLE CONNECTOR to the C-5 HOLE ROD (Figure 22). The string is now fully installed!

Step 10: Now let's make the leaves for the tree trunk. You will need the B-CUBE (GREEN), B-CONVEX (GREEN), B-CONCAVE (GREEN), and the B-SHORT PEG(Figure 23). Follow the diagram to assemble the parts (excluding the B-CONCAVE) into Part E (Figure 24). This completes the making of the big and small leaves.

Next, attach the B-CONCAVE and Part E to the tree trunk as shown in the diagram (Figure 25). Feel free to design your own leaf styles or add more parts to make the tree look even bushier!

Step 11:Now, let's make the parts to connect the tree trunk to the C-JUMBO BASE GRID. You will need the C-5 HOLE ROD, C-3 HOLE ROD, and the B-SHORT PEG (Figure 26). Follow the diagram to assemble them into two "Part F" units and one "Part G" unit (Figure 27).

Next, follow the diagram to install Part F and Part G onto the C-JUMBO BASE GRID (Figure 28).

Finally, connect the five B-SHORT PEG on the tree trunk to Part F and Part G as shown in the diagram (Figure 29). This will securely attach the tree trunk to the C-JUMBO BASE GRID. After installation, make sure the STRING is positioned between the two Part F units. This ensures you can pull the string smoothly (Figure 30).

We have finished building the Woodpecker Doorbell! You can use PEGS or ROUND CONNECTORS to mount the entire model, along with the C-JUMBO BASE GRID, onto a Base Plate Wall (Figure 31). Now, let's see how it works!

◆ Model Operation

You can pull the handle down repeatedly to make the woodpecker peck the tree trunk. It makes a sound just like a real doorbell! The faster you pull the handle, the faster the knocking sound will be! (Videos 3 & 4).

◆ Conclusion

In this episode, Teacher Raccoonused 2cm blocks to build the Woodpecker Doorbell model. These 2cm blocks come in different shapes, such as the B-CONVEX, B-CONCAVE, and B-TRIANGLE. By combining these shapes, you can create all kinds of different works! If you are interested in 2cm blocks, why not check out the #1411 Creative World and #1403 Maker Wall? Both sets are packed with 2cm blocks that allow you to build colorful models like numbers, letters, and animals. Let's get creative together!

That’s all for today! If you enjoyed this article, please don't forget to share it for Teacher Raccoon. See you next time! Bye!

◆Scientific Principle:

The Woodpecker Doorbell mainly uses the principles of Levers and Elasticity. Levers can be divided into three types (Figure 32):

• Class 1 Lever: The fulcrum is located between the effort (force) and the load. This type changes the direction of the force.
• Class 2 Lever: The load is located between the effort and the fulcrum. This type allows you to use less force (saves effort) but requires moving a longer distance.
• Class 3 Lever: The effort is located between the load and the fulcrum. This type requires more force but moves the load faster (saves time).

The Woodpecker Doorbell works as a Class 1 Lever (where the fulcrum is between the effort and the load, allowing it to change the direction of movement).

When we pull down on the STRING, it creates a forward force that pulls the lever. The effort arm (Red Line) moves forward, causing the beak to strike the tree trunk and make a sound. At the same time, the load arm (Blue Line) moves backward, stretching the RUBBER BAND to store elastic energy.

When we let go of the STRING, the stretched RUBBER BAND releases its elastic force to pull the lever back. The effort arm (Red Line) moves backward, and the load arm (Blue Line) moves forward, returning the woodpecker to its original position (Figure 33).

◆ Curriculum:

HS-PS3-1 Energy: Create a computational model to calculate the change in the energy of one component in a system (e.g., Elastic Potential Energy from the rubber band).

MS-PS2-2 Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions: Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object’s motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object.

HS-PS2-1 Motion and Stability: Analyze data to support the claim that Newton’s second law of motion describes the relationship among the net force, mass, and acceleration (including rotational acceleration).

MS-ETS1-4 Engineering Design: Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process (using Simple Machines like levers and gears to optimize a design).

◆ References:

Doorbell - Wikipedia

Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.Contributors to Wikimedia projects

Lever - Wikipedia

Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.Contributors to Wikimedia projects

Elasticity (physics) - Wikipedia

Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.Contributors to Wikimedia projects

大家好，我是樹懶老師！在這個系列中，樹懶老師將會分享一些積木創作，有些可能是複雜的機關設計，有些則是簡單的模型創作，讓你每次點開文章時就像打開了一個「創意百寶箱」，永遠都有意想不到的驚喜喔！

青蛙是一種皮膚較光滑且身型嬌小的兩棲動物。由於青蛙有強壯的四肢與修長的身體，因此他們非常擅長游泳與跳躍，你也常常可以在一些池塘、濕地、水田等地方看到青蛙的身隱。但其實青蛙還有一個隱藏的秘密武器－他的長舌頭！

青蛙的舌頭非常特別，他可以像捲尺捲起來，又可以在很短的時間內伸長，黏住食物、拖回食物、捲入嘴中，而這一切，都在一秒鐘內全部完成！

今天就讓我們透過智高積木B系列&C系列零件 ，製作可以吐舌頭的青蛙模型吧！

★準備工作

零件清單

以下是模型所需要的材料清單，兩公分顆粒的顏色可自由選擇。

★組裝步驟

1. 我們將栓釘鍵放置於5x5正方框的圖示位置，接著依照圖片所示，依序放上兩個5孔長條與一個5x5正方框。

2. 將兩個5x5孔正方框底部孔洞都放上短結合鍵，並將其放置於8x12底盤右側。

3. 將60mm軸穿過5x5正方框右上角的孔洞，並記得中間要穿過20T齒輪喔！

4. 將兩個軸扣鍵放置於5x5正方框右側的中間孔洞，兩側都需放置。

5. 將兩個3孔超長齒條結合，並將其放置於5孔長條上。

6. 將橡皮筋穿過3孔超長齒條的第一個孔洞，並套在左右兩側的軸扣鍵上。

7. 在60mm軸另一側放上軸轉接器與5孔長條，作為開關的把手。

8. 在3孔超長齒條前方放上2凸單孔轉向結合器，以及用2公分顆粒製作出來的舌頭。

9. 最後，創作屬於你的青蛙造型，並放置於底盤上即可！

★玩法

逆時針向上拉起開關，齒條便能往前延伸，彷彿青蛙吐舌頭的動作！

★科學原理

本次使用到的科學原理為「齒輪與齒條」、「彈力」

透過齒輪與齒條的搭配可將旋轉運動變為直線運動，當齒輪固定在一個位置上轉動時，齒條就會在齒輪的帶動下，沿著齒輪切線方向左右移動。

而橡皮筋則讓在齒條伸長時儲存彈力，當我們放開把手時，齒條便會因為彈力而回彈至原位。

★後記

雖然用智高的２公分積木就可以非常輕鬆地做出一個可愛的青蛙模型，但常常覺得似乎少了一些動態感，於是樹懶老師想到可以融入一些動物的特有動作，讓這個青蛙模型更加栩栩如生～

試試看，你能做出其他動物的特有動作模型嗎？

參考資料：

青蛙捕食秀：快速伸舌頭的關鍵是水？—《科學築夢大現場》 - PanSci 泛科學

蛙的舌頭，是無與倫比的傑作，是生物界少見的武器，能夠在很短的時間，伸長到嘴外，黏住食物，拖回、捲入嘴中，這一切在一秒鐘內，全部完成。蛙的舌頭到底是如何完成這場瞬間的捕食秀？

PanSci 泛科學親子天下

齒條 - 維基百科，自由的百科全書

Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.維基媒體專案貢獻者

課綱參考：

tm-Ⅲ-1 能經由簡單的探究與理解建立模型，且能從觀察及實驗過程中，理解到有不同模型的存在。

綜-3.樂於學習對生活事物充滿好奇與喜好探究之心，體會與感受學習的樂趣，並能主動發現問題及解決問題，持續學習。

自-E-A1 能運用五官，敏銳的觀察周遭環境，保持好奇心、想像力持續 探索自然。

身-中-2-2-2　綜合運用抓、握、扭轉、揉、捏的精細動作。

大家好，我是樹懶老師！在這個系列中，樹懶老師將會分享一些積木創作，有些可能是複雜的機關設計，有些則是簡單的模型創作，讓你每次點開文章時就像打開了一個「創意百寶箱」，永遠都有意想不到的驚喜喔！

告示牌是生活中非常實用的工具，在各種活動場合當中，常常能看到工作人員手舉告示牌，用來引導人群、維持秩序或公告重要訊息。而在卡通動畫的世界裡，對於那些無法開口說話的角色，告示牌成了他們表達想法與心情的最佳方式。最具代表性的例子，莫過於動畫「銀魂」中的伊莉莎白，透過不斷切換手中的牌子，總能帶來意想不到的笑點與驚喜，讓觀眾迫不及待想看下一張牌子上寫了什麼！

今天就讓我們透過智高積木C系列零件 ，僅運用簡單的物理原理來製作一個彈跳告示牌！

★準備工作

零件清單

以下是模型所需要的材料清單。

★組裝步驟

1. 依照圖示的方式，將兩個5孔超長條、5孔長條與栓扣鍵組裝，並放置於5X15長方框上。

※亦可使用長結合鍵代替栓扣鍵

2. 將5孔超長條與5孔長條疊在一起，並使用栓釘鍵穿過兩者。

3. 將步驟2的栓釘鍵向下與5X15長方框連接，其側邊孔洞與步驟1連接，如圖所示。

※亦可使用短結合鍵代替栓釘鍵

4. 將15孔超長條倒立，放置於5孔超長條中間，接著使用70mm軸穿過5孔超長條右側孔洞、以及15孔超長條第一個孔洞。

5. 完成後，5孔長條搭配栓扣鍵固定於5孔超長條上方孔洞，如圖所示。

6. 接下來我們要先完成兩個準備動作，分別是兩側與中間有栓扣鍵的5孔長條，並將橡皮筋穿過15孔超長條的孔洞。

7. 接下來的步驟順序非常重要！請先將橡皮筋兩側拉出，上方再以步驟6的5孔長條蓋住，最後將橡皮筋套在最上方的栓扣鍵上！

8. 現在我們來製作卡榫的槓桿，將15孔超長條、兩個3孔超長條、5孔超長條以圖示方式連接。

9. 在長槓桿中間放上20mm軸扣鍵與3孔超長條，放置於立牌旁邊，使其能卡住立牌。

10. 最後，將5x10長方框固定於5x15長方框兩側，讓模型更加穩固！

★玩法

1. 使用紙筆或電腦，依照自己的喜好製作一個大小約11 x 4cm的告示牌！以下為3種造型示範。

2. 將告示牌往下壓，並撥動右側的槓桿，使其能卡住告示牌不彈起。最後，撥開槓桿，享受驚喜！

★科學原理

本次使用到的科學原理為「彈力」與「槓桿」

當告示牌向下壓時會產生彈力，這個彈力非常容易拉起告示牌，因此為了儲存橡皮筋的彈力，我們使用槓桿將其卡住，這樣當我們撥開槓桿時，告示牌就會彈回原位，帶來了一種驚喜感！

★後記

這個模型其實只是一個非常簡單的彈力應用，但透過槓桿與紙卡的搭配，在一開始隱藏告示牌的內容，直到彈起時才公布，反而增添了驚喜感。這正是機關整合的魅力，只要加點小巧思，便能有大大的成效！

此外，你也可以將其延伸，與更多模型連動，變成一個小型的機關王，就像這樣！

參考資料：

槓桿：https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/杠杆

告示牌：https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/看板

課綱參考：

tm-Ⅲ-1 能經由簡單的探究與理解建立模型，且能從觀察及實驗過程中，理解到有不同模型的存在。

綜-3.樂於學習對生活事物充滿好奇與喜好探究之心，體會與感受學習的樂趣，並能主動發現問題及解決問題，持續學習。

自-E-A1 能運用五官，敏銳的觀察周遭環境，保持好奇心、想像力持續 探索自然。

身-中-2-2-2　綜合運用抓、握、扭轉、揉、捏的精細動作。

Hello, everyone! I’m Teacher Raccoon. Do you remember the bionic beast powered by gravity from Science in Daily Life EP13? Just place it on a slope, and it walks down step by step!

Today, I’ll show you how to use the components from the #1409 ROBOTICS WORKSHOP COMPATIBLE WITH micro:bit to build a bionic bird. With programming, you can make it move, flap its wings, and even open and close its beak! Let’s get started!

Let Teacher Raccoon guide you through the process step by step!

◆ Assembly Steps

The first step is to build the body of the bionic bird. You'll need the following components:

• C-5×10 FRAME
• C-3 HOLE DUAL ROD
• C-STATIC AXLE CONNECTOR
• C-SHORT BUTTON FIXER
• C-20mm AXLE CONNECTOR (Figure 1)

Follow the diagram to assemble these parts onto the C-5×10 FRAME, forming Parts A and B (Figure 2).

Step 2: Installing the Motor

Next, install the motor that drives the feet. You’ll need the following components (Figure 3):

• C-50X PLANETARY GEARBOX
• C-20T GEAR
• C-3 HOLE ROUND ROD
• C-30mm AXLE Ⅱ
• B-SHORT PEG

Follow the diagram to assemble these parts into Part C (Figure 4).

Next, position Part C between Parts A and B, as shown in the diagram, to complete the installation of the C-50X PLANETARY GEARBOX and the bird's body (Figure 5).

Step 3: Extending the Motor’s Power with Gears

Now, use a gear set to transfer and extend the motor's power. You'll need the following components (Figure 6):

• C-60T GEAR
• C-40T GEAR WITH HOLE
• O-PLASTIC WASHER M8*16
• C-70mm AXLE Ⅱ

Attach these parts to the body as shown in the diagram (Figure 7).

Once the gear set is installed, ensure that the C-40T GEAR WITH HOLE properly meshes with the C-20T GEAR on the C-50X PLANETARY GEARBOX (Figure 8). This allows the motor’s power to be effectively transmitted to the C-60T GEAR.

Step 4: Assembling the Tail Feathers

Next, we’ll create the tail feathers to support the body. You'll need the following components (Figure 9):

• C-40T WHEEL FRAME
• C-35mm AXLE Ⅱ
• C-30mm AXLE CONNECTOR
• C-3 HOLE ROUND ROD
• C-3 HOLE DUAL ROUND ROD WITH PEGS
• C-5 HOLE DUAL ROD BOTTOM CLOSED
• C-9 HOLE ROD FRONT CLOSED
• B-SHORT PEG

Assemble these parts according to the diagram to complete Part D (Figure 10).

Next, attach Part D to the rear of the C-50X PLANETARY GEARBOX, completing the assembly of the tail feathers and body (Figure 11).

Step 5: Attaching the micro:bit C-SMART CONTROLLER

Now, we’ll secure the micro:bit C-SMART CONTROLLER to the tail feathers and body. You'll need the following components (Figure 12):

• C-9 HOLE ROD
• C-30mm AXLE CONNECTOR
• C-3 HOLE ROUND ROD
• C-STATIC AXLE CONNECTOR
• B-SHORT PEG

Assemble these parts according to the diagram to create two Parts E (Figure 13).

Next, connect the C-SMART CONTROLLER to the C-30mm AXLE CONNECTORof Part D as shown in the diagram (Figure 14). Use the two Part Eparts to reinforce the connection, completing the attachment of the C-SMART CONTROLLER to the tail feathers and body (Figure 15).

Step 6: Assembling the Legs

• Now, let’s build the legs of the bionic bird. You’ll need the following components (Figure 16):
• C-11 HOLE ROD
• C-7 HOLE WIDE PROLATE ROD
• C-3 HOLE ROUND ROD
• C-5 HOLE DUAL ROD II
• C-5 HOLE DUAL ROD BOTTOM CLOSED
• C-20mm AXLE CONNECTOR
• C-STATIC AXLE CONNECTOR
• B-SHORT PEG

Assemble these parts according to the diagram to complete Parts F and G (Figure 17).

Next, we will assemble the structure of the bird claw using a C-BENDED ROD, a C-5 HOLE DUAL ROD II, C-1 HOLE CONNECTOR, C-STATIC AXLE CONNECTOR, and B-SHORT PEG (Figure 18). Follow the diagram to properly combine the components and complete the construction of the two H Parts (Figure 19).

Next, attach the two H Parts beneath Parts F and G, respectively, following the diagram. This completes the left foot (Part F) and right foot (Part G) of the bionic bird (Figure 20).

Step 7: Attach the Legs to the Bionic Bird's Body

First, secure Parts F and G onto the C-20mm AXLE CONNECTOR as shown (Figure 21). Ensure the C-20mm AXLE CONNECTOR is positioned correctly; otherwise, the bionic bird may not move smoothly.

Next, we will use two C-30mm AXLE Ⅱ (Figure 22) to connect the C-60T GEAR on the body to the linkage on the legs. Following the diagram, insert the C-30mm AXLE Ⅱ through the linkage on the legs and into the holes of the C-60T GEAR (Figure 23).

After installing the double-leg linkage, check the positioning of both C-30mm AXLE Ⅱ. For optimal movement, one axle should be positioned higher and the other lower (Figure 24). If the assembly is incorrect, remove the C-60T GEAR, adjust the positioning, and then reinstall the linkage and C-30mm AXLE Ⅱ after verifying their alignment.

Step 8: Assembling the Wings of the Bionic Bird

In this step, we will construct the wings of the bionic bird using C-11 HOLE ROD, C-9 HOLE ROD, C-7 HOLE ROUND ROD, C-5 HOLE ROD II, and C-30mm STATIC CONNECTOR TUBE (Figure 25). Follow the diagram to assemble the components and complete the two I Parts (Figure 26).

Next, to attach the linkage to the wings, use the C-5 HOLE ROD II and the C-20mm AXLE CONNECTOR (Figure 27). Follow the diagram to assemble these components onto Part I, completing the two J Parts (Figure 28).

Step 9: Assembling the Wing Base

In this step, we will construct the wing base using a C-20T GEAR, two C-40T GEAR WITH HOLE, a C-9 HOLE ROD FRONT CLOSED, a C-3 HOLE DUAL ROD, a C-30mm AXLE Ⅱ, a C-5×5 FRAME II, a C-STATIC AXLE CONNECTOR, and a B-SHORT PEG (Figure 29). Follow the diagram to assemble these components and complete the K Part. During assembly, ensure that the hole positions on both C-40T GEAR WITH HOLE are correctly aligned (Figure 30).

Next, attach the C-20mm AXLE CONNECTOR of Part J to Part K to securely connect the wings to the wing base (Figure 31).

Step 10: Installing the Motor for the Wings

In this step, we will install the motor that drives the wings. The required components include a C-5×5 FRAME II, a C-20T GEAR, a C-35mm AXLE Ⅱ, a C-30mm AXLE Ⅱ, a B-SHORT PEG, and a C-50X PLANETARY GEARBOX (Figure 32).

First, attach the B-SHORT PEG and the C-35mm AXLE Ⅱ to the C-50X PLANETARY GEARBOX as shown. Next, place the C-5×5 FRAME II with the C-30mm AXLE Ⅱ and C-20T GEAR onto the assembly. Finally, insert an additional C-20T GEAR onto the C-35mm AXLE Ⅱ to complete the L Part (Figure 33).

After installing Part L, ensure that the two C-20T GEAR on the C-30mm AXLE Ⅱ and the C-35mm AXLE Ⅱ mesh properly with each other (Figure 34).

Next, install Part L onto Part K as shown in the diagram. Ensure that the C-20T GEAR on both Part L and Part K mesh properly with each other (Figure 35) to complete the power mechanism for the wings.

Finally, attach Part K to the top of the body (Figure 36) to securely fix the wing base to the body (Figure 37).

Step 11: Assembling the Head of the Bionic Bird

In this step, we will construct the head of the bionic bird using the C-5×5 FRAME II, a C-180° SERVO MOTOR, a C-3 HOLE DUAL ROD, a C-20mm AXLE CONNECTOR, and a C-STATIC AXLE CONNECTOR (Figure 38). Follow the diagram to assemble the components and complete the Part M (Figure 39).

Next, we will assemble the beak of the bionic bird using a C-9 HOLE ROD FRONT CLOSED, a C-11 HOLE ROD, a C-3 HOLE DUAL ROUND ROD WITH PEGS, a C-30mm STATIC CONNECTOR TUBE, and a C-STATIC AXLE CONNECTOR (Figure 40). Follow the diagram to combine the parts and complete the production of Parts N and O (Figure 41).

Finally, attach Parts N and O to Part M as shown (Figure 42) to complete the upper (Part N) and lower (Part O) sections of the bird's beak.

Step 12: Assembling the Neck and Reinforcing the Head of the Bionic Bird

In this step, we will assemble the neck and reinforce the head of the bionic bird using a C-5×5 FRAME II, a C-7 HOLE ROUND ROD, a C-STATIC AXLE CONNECTOR, a C-40T GEAR WITH HOLE, and a C-20mm AXLE CONNECTOR (Figure 43). Follow the diagram to combine the components and complete the production of Part P, two Parts Q, and Part R (Figure 44).

Next, attach Parts P and R to part M as shown (Figure 45) to reinforce the head. Then, install the two Parts Q beneath the head to complete the neck assembly (Figure 46).

Step 13: Assembling the Eyes of the Bionic Bird

In this step, we will assemble the eyes of the bionic bird using a C-40T WHEEL FRAME, a C-20T GEAR, and a C-150mm AXLE Ⅰ(Figure 47). Insert the C-150mm AXLE Ⅰ into the head as shown, then attach the C-40T WHEEL FRAME and C-20T GEAR to complete the assembly of the eyes (Figure 48).

Step 14: Connecting the Neck and Body of the Bionic Bird

In this step, we will connect the neck and body of the bionic bird. Follow the diagram to attach Part Q to the two C-STATIC AXLE CONNECTOR on the body (Figure 49), completing the connection between the neck and the body.

Step 15: Installing the Connectors for the C-50X PLANETARY GEARBOX and the C-180° SERVO MOTOR

In this step, we will install the connectors for the C-50X PLANETARY GEARBOX and the C-180° SERVO MOTOR. First, locate the C-50X PLANETARY GEARBOX from Part C, which controls the bionic bird's feet, and connect its connector to pin A of the C-SMART CONTROLLER as shown (Figure 50).

Next, locate Part L, the C-50X PLANETARY GEARBOX that controls the wings of the bionic bird, and connect its connector to pin B of the C-SMART CONTROLLER as shown (Figure 51).

Finally, locate Part M, which controls the C-180° SERVO MOTOR for the bionic bird's beak, and connect its connector to pin 0 of the C-SMART CONTROLLER as shown (Figure 52).

This completes the assembly of the bionic bird (Figure 53). Now, let's move on to writing the program!

◆ Programming
Before getting started, download the "Bionic Bird Sample Program" from the cloud folder below. Then, open the micro:bit programming website and import the file to begin coding.

Bionic Bird - Google Drive

Google Drive

Once the file is successfully imported, you'll see five sets of programming blocks (see Figures 54 and 55). The program functions are explained below:

1. Motor A controls the bionic bird’s legs, Motor B controls the wings, and the C-180° SERVO MOTOR  controls the beak. When the program starts, both Motor A and Motor B are set to a speed of 0 to prevent the bionic bird from accidentally activating. The C-180° SERVO MOTOR is set to 100 degrees to ensure the beak stays closed. The wing and leg variables are both set to 0, which are later used to determine whether Motor A or Motor B should be activated.
2. Pressing Button B activates the bird’s wings. The wing variable is set to 1, and Motor B begins rotating at a power of 15, causing the wings to flap. Pressing Button B again resets the wing variable to 0 and stops Motor B, causing the wings to stop flapping.
3. Pressing Button A activates the bird’s legs. The leg variable is set to 1, and Motor A begins rotating at a power of 30, making the bird walk. Pressing Button A again resets the leg variable to 0 and stops Motor A, stopping the walking motion.

4.  Pressing both Button A and Button B at the same time activates both the wings and legs of the bionic bird. The wing and leg variables are set to 1, Motor A runs at a power of 30, and Motor B runs at a power of 15. This causes the bird to move both its wings and legs simultaneously. Pressing both buttons again resets the variables to 0 and stops both motors, halting all movement.

5.  Lastly, the beak is controlled using the same wing and leg variables. As long as either the wings or legs are moving, the beak will also open and close in sync. When both the wings and legs stop, the beak remains closed.

◆ Model Operation

Now let’s bring the bionic bird to life!

As programmed, pressing Button B makes the bird flap its wings and open and close its beak. Press it again to stop the wing and beak movement (see Video 1).
Pressing Button A causes the bird to move its legs along with its beak. Press it again to stop the leg and beak movement (see Video 2).
Pressing both Button A and Button B at the same time activates the wings, legs, and beak all together. Pressing both buttons again will stop all movements (see Video 3).

◆ Troubleshooting

If the bionic bird’s legs are not moving properly, try the following solutions:

1. Check whether the leg linkage mechanism and the C-30mm AXLE Ⅱ are assembled correctly (see Step 6).
2. Make sure the legs are not hitting other parts during operation, as this can interfere with the linkage movement.
3. Operate the bionic bird on a surface with higher friction. If used on a surface that is too smooth, the lack of traction can cause it to slip, affecting its movement.

Adjust the program to increase the speed of Motor A.

If the bionic bird’s wings are not flapping properly, try the following solutions:

1. Check that the wing linkage mechanism is assembled correctly.
2. Make sure the wings are not colliding with other parts during operation (especially the neck and head), as this can interfere with the movement of the linkage.

Adjust the program to increase the speed of Motor B.

◆ Conclusion

In building this bionic bird model, we explored the concepts of input and output in programming. Inputs are how a system receives data from the outside world — like a keyboard or mouse on a computer. For the bionic bird, the input components are Button A and Button B, which receive commands through physical presses. Outputs are how a system sends information or results to the outside world — such as a computer screen or speaker. In this case, the outputs are the motors and the 180-degree servo motor, which control the bird’s wing flapping, leg movement, and beak opening and closing.

There are so many more ways to explore inputs and outputs! If you're interested in trying out more hands-on projects, check out Gigo's #1409 Robot Workshop - COMPATIBLE WITH micro:bit. You'll get to experiment with a variety of sensors and motors to build all kinds of fun models — all while learning key programming concepts.

That’s it for today’s project! If you enjoyed this guide, don’t forget to share it with your friends — and we’ll see you next time. Bye!

◆Scientific Principles:

The bionic bird model uses a mechanical linkage system. This system consists of levers (various rods) and movable pivot points (axle connectors), which work together to convert the motor’s rotational motion into a rhythmic back-and-forth movement (as shown in Video 4). This principle is what allows the bird’s legs to step forward and its wings to flap up and down.

By adjusting the positions of the levers and pivot points, you can even create entirely different types of movement. Try experimenting — can you come up with your own bionic creature using a different linkage combination?

◆NGSS Curriculum

3-PS2-1 "Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence of the effects of balanced and unbalanced forces on the motion of an object."

MS-PS2-2 "Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object’s motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object."

MS-ETS1-1 "Define the criteria and constraints of a design problem with sufficient precision to ensure a successful solution, taking into account relevant scientific principles."

3-PS2-4 "Define a simple design problem that can be solved by applying scientific ideas about magnets."

MS-ETS1-4 "Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved."

3-5-ETS1-2 "Construct a device that uses scientific principles to solve a design problem."

◆References

Rivers and Streams: Life in Flowing Water

Theo Jansen - Wikipedia

Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.Contributors to Wikimedia projects

#1409

ROBOTICS WORKSHOP COMPATIBLE WITH micro:bit

大家好我是浣熊老師，各位有玩過遙控車嗎？遙控車是一種可以透過無線電訊號來遠端操控的模型車，通常使用帶有搖桿的遙控器進行操控，車身則隨著功能而有各式各樣的造型，如賽車、越野車、堆高機...等。

我們曾經在生活中的科學EP6中製作了一台簡易的遙控車，今天浣熊老師要帶大家使用積木來製作一台更加厲害的遙控賽車，並透過Micro:bit來編寫程式，讓你的手機能夠搖身一變成為遙控賽車的遙控器唷！

現在就讓浣熊老師一步步教大家如何製作吧！

◆ 組裝步驟

第一步我們要製作出車體的結構，需要使用到50倍行星齒輪馬達盒、3孔超長條、20T齒輪、27mm馬達短軸、3x13孔超長方框以及長結合鍵(圖一)，並依照圖示將他們安裝在一起(圖二)。

接著將3x13孔超長方框安裝在50倍行星齒輪馬達盒的左右兩側起(圖三)，完成車體的結構。

第二步我們要來安裝micro:bit 智能主控盒，需要使用到micro:bit 智能主控盒、5孔超條以及長結合鍵(圖四)，依照圖示將他們安裝在一起(圖五)。

接著將micro:bit 智能主控盒與剛才的車體結合，完成部件A的製作(圖六)。

第三步我們要來安裝180度角度伺服馬達，需要使用到180度角度伺服馬達、5孔長條、5孔超長條底無孔、長結合鍵、短結合鍵以及軸扣鍵(圖七)，其中要確保180度角度伺服馬達的角度已使用Makecode程式調整至90度，以免遙控賽車在運作時發生失誤，再來依照圖示將零件安裝成好幾個部件(圖八)。

接著將各部件依序結合，完成部件B的製作(圖十)，同樣需留意零件安裝在180度角度伺服馬達的方向。

第四步我們要來安裝多色LED燈座，需要使用到180度角度伺服馬達、2凸單孔轉向結合器、5孔超長條以及長結合鍵(圖十)，將它們依照圖示安裝在一起，完成部件C的製作(圖十一)。

第五步我們要來安裝車頭，將剛才完成部件B和部件C結合(圖十二)，並將結合後的部分與部件A結合(圖十三)，完成車頭的製作。

第六步我們要來加固車頭，需要使用到5x10孔長方框、5孔超長條、5孔超長條底無孔、20T齒輪、自轉軸鍵以及長結合鍵(圖十四)，將它們依照圖示安裝在一起，完成兩個部件D以及一個部件E(圖十五)。

接著將兩個部件D安裝在車身的左右兩側，部件E則安裝在部件D之間(圖十六)，完成車頭的加固。

第七步我們要來製作遙控賽車的轉向機構，需要使用到11孔長條、5孔超長條、3孔圓角長條、30mmⅡ軸、軸扣鍵以及長結合鍵(圖十七)，依照圖示將它們組裝成兩個部件F以及兩個部件G(圖十八)。

接著依照圖示將部件F以及部件G組裝成平行連桿，並將它與車身以及180度角度伺服馬達結合(圖十九)，完成轉向機構的製作。

第八步我們要來安裝輪胎，需要使用到20T齒輪、150mmⅠ軸、OD60x25mm塑膠輪框(7407-W10-B1W)以及OD60x25mm橡膠輪胎(7407-W10-A1D)(圖二十)，將它們依照圖示安裝在車身前後，完成輪胎的安裝(圖二一)。

第九步我們要來製作座椅，需要使用到3孔圓角長條、30mm 栓釘鍵、2凸單孔轉向結合器以及短結合鍵(圖二二)，依照圖示將它們組裝成部件H(圖二三)。

接著依照圖示將部件H安裝在車身上，完成座椅的製作(圖二四)。

第十步我們要來製作擋風玻璃，需要使用到J型飾片以及二合一結合鍵(圖二五)，依照圖示將它們安裝在車身上(圖二六)。

第十一步我們要將各個電子零件安裝在micro:bit 智能主控盒上，將50倍行星齒輪馬達盒的接頭安裝在腳位A；180度角度伺服馬達的杜邦接頭安裝在腳位8；多色LED燈座的杜邦接頭安裝在腳位15(圖二七)。

這樣我們就完成遙控賽車的模型囉(圖二八)，現在就讓我們一起來進行程式的編寫吧！

◆ 程式編寫

在編寫程式前，要請大家使用手機或平板下載V7RC這款應用程式(圖二九)，安卓手機可在Play商店進行下載；蘋果手機則是在App Store進行下載。

V7RC能夠透過藍牙與Micro:bit連線，將你的手機或平板變成簡易的遙控器，因此在使用前需確保手機或平板的藍牙功能保持開啟，前置作業操作流程如下：

步驟1 開啟手機或平板的藍牙功能。

步驟2 點擊左上角的齒輪圖示進入設定頁面(圖三十)。

步驟3 將連線方式設定為藍牙、控制介面設定為車輛，完成後點擊返回圖示回到搖桿介面(圖三一)。

在車輛的控制介面下，左側搖桿能夠上下滑動；右側搖桿則能夠左右滑動(影片一)，就像是真的遙控器一樣，並透過向量系統來定義搖桿所在的位置(圖三二)。

左側的垂直搖桿為2軸(如同座標系統的Y軸)，當搖桿位於正中間時，2軸向量為1500，若將游標向上推動會增加2軸的向量，最高為2000；游標向下推動則會減少2軸的向量，最低為1000，即2軸向量會在1000~2000之間變化。

右側的水平搖桿也是相同的概念，定義為1軸(如同座標系統的X軸)，當搖桿位於正中間時，1軸向量為1500，若將游標向右推動會增加1軸的向量，最高為2000；游標向左推動則會減少1軸的向量，最低為1000，即1軸向量也會在1000~2000之間變化。

透過上述的方式，便能夠依照搖桿的位置來編寫程式，可以點擊下列的雲端資料夾，將「遙控賽車範例程式」的檔案下載至電腦，並透過micro:bit程式編輯網頁來匯入遙控賽車的範例程式。

遙控賽車 - Google Drive

Google Drive

當我們成功匯入後，便能夠看到下面幾段程式方塊(圖三三、三四、三五)，相關的程式說明如下：

1. ◆180度角度伺服馬達用於控制遙控賽車的前輪方向，在啟動時需確保前輪方向完全垂直，才能讓賽車成功直走不偏移(理想的垂直角度為90度，但因每款180度角度伺服馬達皆有些許誤差，以本模型為例，需要調整至91度才能達到完全垂直，故需要針對自己的模型狀況進行微調)。
◆將控制多色LED燈座的變數設為0。
◆將多色LED燈座關閉。

2. 當手機以藍牙方式與Micro:bit連接時，顯示「打勾」符號。

3. 當手機與Micro:bit中斷連接時，顯示「打叉」符號。

4. ◆當按下A紐時，將變數Light設為1。

5. ◆當按下B紐時，將變數Light設為0。

6. ◆當變數Light為1時，點亮多色LED燈座；當變數Light為0時，關閉多色LED燈座。

7. ◆當左側搖桿向上推動時(2軸向量介於1500~2000)，將變數SPEED量化為2軸的向量(2軸向量每增加5，變數SPEED便增加1，這樣便能夠透過左側搖桿來控制賽車的前進速度，即左側搖桿向上推動越多，賽車前進的速度越快)，並呼叫函式GO。
◆當左側搖桿向下推動時(2軸向量介於1000~1500)，將變數SPEED量化為2軸的向量(2軸向量每減少5，變數SPEED便增加1，透過左側搖桿來控制賽車的後退速度，即左側搖桿向下推動越多，賽車後退的速度越快)，並呼叫函式BACK。

8. ◆當右側搖桿向右推動時(1軸向量介於1500~2000)，將變數ANGLE量化為1軸的向量(1軸向量每增加20，變數ANGLE便增加1，這樣便能夠透過右側搖桿來控制賽車前輪的右轉幅度，即右側搖桿向右推動越多，賽車前輪向右轉動的幅度越大，最多轉動25度)，並呼叫函式RIGHT。
◆當左側搖桿向左推動時(1軸向量介於1000~1500)，將變數ANGLE量化為1軸的向量(1軸向量每減少20，變數ANGLE便減少1，透過右側搖桿來控制賽車前輪的左轉幅度，即右側搖桿向左推動越多，賽車前輪向左轉動的幅度越大，最多轉動25度)，並呼叫函式LEFT。

9. ◆當收到呼叫函式GO的指令時，將變數SPEED的數值帶入馬達，並讓馬達以順時針方向轉動。
◆當收到呼叫函式BACK的指令時，將變數SPEED的數值帶入馬達，並讓馬達以逆時針方向轉動。

10. ◆當收到呼叫函式LEFT的指令時，將變數ANGLE的數值帶入180度角度伺服馬達。
◆當收到呼叫函式RIGHT的指令時，將變數ANGLE的數值帶入180度角度伺服馬達。

◆ 模型操作

現在就讓我們來操作遙控賽車吧！‌‌首先要將手機與Micro:bit進行連線，相關操作流程如下：

步驟1 開啟主控盒的電源。

步驟2 開啟手機或平板的藍牙功能並打開V7RC應用程式。

步驟3 點擊左上角的齒輪圖示進入設定頁面(圖三六)。

步驟4 點選連接裝置欄位(圖三七)。

步驟5 找到欲配對的Micro:bit並點選連結(圖三八)。

步驟6 完成與Micro:bit的連線後，點擊返回圖示回到搖桿介面。(圖三九、四十)

現在我們就可以直接使用手機或平板來遙控模型囉，如同程式所設計的，左側搖桿能夠控制賽車的速度與移動方向(影片二)；而右側搖桿能夠控制賽車左右轉的幅度(影片三)，在操縱時就像是真的遙控車一樣呢(影片四)！

◆結語

這次所製作的遙控賽車結合了外部的應用程式，將手機變成了Micro:bit的遙控器，跳脫了以往只能使用感測器啟動馬達、角度伺服以及LED燈的限制。你也可以試著將模型改造成其他的遙控機械，如遙控機器人、遙控發球機、遙控仿生獸...等。
一起來發揮創意吧！

今天的分享就到這邊，喜歡這篇文章的話記得幫浣熊老師大力分享出去，我們下次見囉，拜拜！

◆科學原理：

遙控賽車的前輪使用到平行連桿的結構，平行連桿由多個連桿以及可活動的轉軸組成，透過兩對連桿始終保持平行的特性(影片五)，讓前方的兩顆輪胎都能保持相同的角度，此外兩顆前輪能夠各自以不同的速度旋轉，能夠避免賽車轉彎時產生內輪差，即車輛在轉彎時，內側車輪比外側車輪走的路程短、轉速必須較慢的物理現象(圖四一)。

◆課綱參考：

科-S-U-A3 具備統整科技資源進行規劃、執行、評鑑與反省的能力，並能以科技創新的態度與作為，因應新的情境與問題。

生 k-V-1 能了解工程與設計的基本知識，如：工程設計流程、動力機構、 結構設計、工程材料、機電控制等。

生 A-V-1 機構與結構的設計與應用。

#Gigo智高#學習實驗室#趣味實驗室#Gigo Lab

◆參考資料：

Micro Bit - 維基百科，自由的百科全書

Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.維基媒體專案貢獻者

遙控車 - 維基百科，自由的百科全書

Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.維基媒體專案貢獻者

https://www.instagram.com/p/Co7PKm7pD3u/

大家好，我是樹懶老師！在這個系列中，樹懶老師將會分享一些積木創作，有些可能是複雜的機關設計，有些則是簡單的模型創作，讓你每次點開文章時就像打開了一個「創意百寶箱」，永遠都有意想不到的驚喜喔！

自行車(或稱腳踏車)是大小朋友們在成長過程中必定都體驗過的交通工具。起初，我們總是以為騎自行車是很簡單的事，但實際遊玩時才發現，想要保持平衡非常不容易，相信也有不少人跟樹懶老師一樣，小時候騎自行車卻玩到摔車的經驗吧～ 但隨著練習跟經驗的累積，我們終於能成功駕馭自行車，騎著它自由自在地穿梭公園，那份成就感真的無比巨大！

今天就讓我們透過智高積木C系列零件 ，搭配鍊條與電力馬達來製作一個仿真自行車！

★準備工作

零件清單

以下是模型所需要的材料清單。

★組裝步驟

1. 將兩個8x12底盤組合，並將三個5x10孔長方框放置於圖示位置。

2. 接下來要放置馬達，其高度大約是輸出軸與5x10孔長方框第四格同樣的高度，但記得用70mm軸穿過長方框前，中間要先放上20T鍊輪喔！

3. 繼續完成前輪的機構，依照圖示位置放置兩個5x10孔長方框、20T鍊輪與70mm軸，請確保三個20T鍊輪在同一高度、同一直線上。

4. 將大約70個鍊條組裝成一個長條，套在三個20T鍊輪上，請確認三個20T鍊輪都有套上鍊條，並且鍊條沒有過長或過短。

5. 接著我們組裝裝上前輪與後輪，此時建議大家先手動旋轉，測試鍊條與鍊輪是否運作順暢，確認運作順暢後才執行下一步。

6. 以下是人物與車頭的範例模型，大家也可以自行設計。設計完後將其以5X13孔超長方框固定在右側的5X10孔長框方即可！

7. 我們準備11孔長條、3孔超長條、5孔長條側有孔，中間以軸扣鍵連接，完成左右腿。

8. 在中間70mm軸的兩側放上曲軸，如圖所示。

9. 將左右腳分別套入左右兩側的曲軸，其孔位為5孔長條側有孔的第二個孔洞，如圖所示。

10. 最後放上兩個1.5V雙孔電池座，並用雙頭彈力電線連接到馬達上，就完成囉！

★玩法

將兩個3號電池裝入電池座中，就可以欣賞人偶賣力地踩著自行車囉！

你也可以在馬達的另一側加入一個鈴鐺與敲擊裝置，這樣自行車作動時還會敲擊鈴鐺發出聲音，更有擬真感！

★科學原理

本次使用到的科學原理為「鍊條」與「曲柄連桿」

鍊條是一個可以多個連接在一起的零件，通常會與鍊輪搭配，當鍊輪旋轉時，力量會透過鍊條，從一個軸傳遞到另一個軸上。由於鍊條上的每個鍊節都與鍊輪齒互相卡合，因此能保持穩定的傳動速度。

曲柄連桿機構是一個可繞固定軸作360度旋轉運動之連桿－曲柄(Crank)，以及連接曲柄用以帶動相互間之運動者－連桿(Linkage)所組合而成。曲柄連桿機構可將旋轉運動轉換成往復運動，彷彿腳踩踏板一樣。

★後記

我們時常可以在動畫或電影看到，以學習自行車的過程做為親子互動的溫馨時光。從跌倒、爬起到最後成功能獨自騎車，具體見證了一個孩子的成長。如今我們長大了，騎自行車是一件再簡單不過的事情，但我們仍可透過積木模型，重溫當初努力學習、充滿成就感的那份回憶。

參考資料：

自行車 - 維基百科，自由的百科全書

Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.維基媒體專案貢獻者

滾子鏈 - 維基百科，自由的百科全書

Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.維基媒體專案貢獻者

課綱參考：

tm-Ⅲ-1 能經由簡單的探究與理解建立模型，且能從觀察及實驗過程中，理解到有不同模型的存在。

綜-3.樂於學習對生活事物充滿好奇與喜好探究之心，體會與感受學習的樂趣，並能主動發現問題及解決問題，持續學習。

自-E-A1 能運用五官，敏銳的觀察周遭環境，保持好奇心、想像力持續 探索自然。

身-中-2-2-2　綜合運用抓、握、扭轉、揉、捏的精細動作。

大家好，我是樹懶老師！在這個系列中，樹懶老師將會分享一些積木創作，有些可能是複雜的機關設計，有些則是簡單的模型創作，讓你每次點開文章時就像打開了一個「創意百寶箱」，永遠都有意想不到的驚喜喔！

在現代科技越來越方便的時代，人們常常有久坐＋少運動的文明病，而長期缺乏運動會導致我們免疫力下降！因此近年來越來越多人開始健身，健身除了可以幫助我們維持身體健康以外，還能夠協助我們雕塑肌肉線條，讓身型更加好看！

不瞞各位，樹懶老師也是健身的愛好者之一，在健身的過程中，樹懶老師也了解到動作的正確性對肌肉增長的影響非常大！如果動作不正確，不僅練不到想練的肌肉，甚至還有受傷的風險！

因此，今天讓我們使用智高積木製作一個二頭彎舉模擬手臂，實際認識肌肉走向，也學習正確的二頭彎舉動作。

★組裝步驟

由於手臂的結構複雜，因此我們將拆分成各部位的方式組裝。

大臂

將15孔超長條與5孔超長條組合，上下兩面以3孔長條+長結合鍵固定，共2組，位置如圖所示。

小臂

1. 將15孔超長條與5孔側有孔組合，並於底部連接5x5正方框。

2. 上下兩面同樣以3孔長條+長結合鍵固定，共三組，位置如圖所示。

大臂＋小臂

1. 在大臂的尾端左右兩側各放上一個5孔長條，使用70mm軸穿過最上方的孔洞，並以20T齒輪固定。

2. 將5孔長條最下面的孔洞對準小臂的尾端孔洞，同樣以70mm軸穿過、20T齒輪固定，目前大臂已可以上下晃動！

手掌

1. 使用5X5正方框、5孔長條、1/4弧長條與關節鍵，模擬出手掌的結構，如圖所示。

2. 將手掌與小臂的5孔長條側有孔結合，完成整體手臂結構！

肌肉群

接下來便是最重要的肌肉群了！我們將會使用不同顏色的橡皮筋來代表不同的肌肉群，幫助你輕鬆辨識肌肉走向。

二頭肌

二頭肌是使手臂彎曲的肌肉，在我們搬重物時，也能幫助肩膀的穩定。

1. 我們先將紅色橡皮筋套在軸扣鍵上，此方法能更固定橡皮筋。

2. 將2個軸扣鍵固定在大臂上方與小臂下方，這便是二頭肌的位置！

三頭肌

三頭肌的主要功能是伸直小臂，也就是讓手臂伸直的動作，同時也能穩定肩關節。

三頭肌的位置就位於二頭肌後方，我們以黃色橡皮筋連接。

肱橈肌

肱橈肌的功用是可以使小臂彎曲，並向上跟大臂靠攏。在日常生活中，像是在抱東西、搬物品都會運用到肱橈肌。

1. 肱橈肌的位置就位於小臂與手腕之間，我們以綠色橡皮筋連接。

2. 最後我們貼上自製的肌肉紙卡(可繪製或上網列印)，方便我們觀察肌肉走向。

★玩法

我們將模型放在手臂上，將小臂往上彎舉靠近大臂，過程中要固定手肘與手腕！

常見動作錯誤

1. 手腕彎曲

有些人在舉不動時會透過彎曲手腕來抬舉，但手腕彎曲其實是肱撓肌在借力，也會導致腕關節壓力過大。

2. 聳肩或手肘不固定

這兩種方式都會借力肩膀的三角肌，減少二頭肌的參與程度。

★科學原理

本次使用到的科學原理為「彈力」

我們運用橡皮筋的彈力，來模擬人體手臂「彎曲」和「伸直」時肌肉的變化方式。藉由實體動作，幫助我們釐清動作對肌肉的影響。

彎曲時：二頭肌「收縮」；三頭肌「拉伸」；肱橈肌「穩定」

伸直時：二頭肌「拉伸」；外側肌肉「收縮」；肱橈肌「穩定」

★後記

運動健身固然能為身體帶來很多好處，但同時也會有潛在的危險，例如：如果二頭彎舉時會彎手腕，其實都是在讓腕關節承受大量的壓力，長期下來可能導致腕關節受傷，關節的傷害是最難修復的！

因此要正視動作與姿勢的正確性，才能安全的成長茁壯！

參考資料：

二頭肌：https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/肱二頭肌

三頭肌：https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/肱三頭肌

肱橈肌：https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/肱肌

課綱參考：

tm-Ⅲ-1 能經由簡單的探究與理解建立模型，且能從觀察及實驗過程中，理解到有不同模型的存在。

綜-3.樂於學習對生活事物充滿好奇與喜好探究之心，體會與感受學習的樂趣，並能主動發現問題及解決問題，持續學習。

自-E-A1 能運用五官，敏銳的觀察周遭環境，保持好奇心、想像力持續 探索自然。

身-中-2-2-2　綜合運用抓、握、扭轉、揉、捏的精細動作。

大家好，我是樹懶老師！在這個系列中，樹懶老師將會分享一些積木創作，有些可能是複雜的機關設計，有些則是簡單的模型創作，讓你每次點開文章時就像打開了一個「創意百寶箱」，永遠都有意想不到的驚喜喔！

在我們設計的眾多模型中，雖然每一個都融合了創意與科學原理，但其實對於學齡前或是幼兒園的兒童，這些模型仍是略顯複雜，甚至在組裝時就會困難重重，進而降低他們的學習興趣。

為此，樹懶老師總是在思考：是否能設計出一種既簡單上手，又能啟發孩子創造力與理解科學原理的模型？於是決定以2公分積木為主軸，結合孩子最熟悉的公園主題，設計出這套充滿童趣與學習價值的STEAM公園組！

★組裝步驟

盪鞦韆

1. 要製作一個可以前後擺盪的盪鞦韆，我們可以借用橡皮筋的彈力來完成！在組裝時可以像圖片所示，先將橡皮筋套在凸點上，再用另一側的積木將其固定。

2. 完成後就可以將其放在大底盤任意的位置上!

盪鞦韆玩法

前後推動座椅即可有擺盪感，融入了彈力與單擺原理。

翹翹板

1. 為了實現翹翹板的旋轉功能，我們使用軸來連接積木，這邊要注意的是軸僅能穿過六凹顆粒，一般的正方顆粒是無法穿過的喔！

2. 完成後我們在左右兩側放上人偶，並將其放在大底盤任意的位置上!

翹翹板玩法

除了透過槓桿讓左右兩側翹起外，我們也可以在左右兩側放上如彈珠等小物件，體驗如天平的平衡功能！

溜滑梯

溜滑梯的原理相對簡單，我們使用三角顆粒來製作一個筆直的斜面即可！

溜滑梯玩法

將彈珠放置於上方，輕輕撥動即可順著斜坡往下！建議在底部放置一顆積木，可避免彈珠滑下後亂跑。

背景裝飾

1. 為了營造出公園感，我們可以製作一些樹木模型作為裝飾，樹上有隻小鳥看起來更生動呢！

2. 增加一些背景圖能更有情境感，你可以找網路上找喜歡的公園圖片，將其黏貼於另一個大底盤上，放置於模型後方。

★科學原理

本次模型結合了多個科學原理，包括：「槓桿」、「平衡」、「斜面」、「彈力」、「單擺」

槓桿體現在翹翹板上，中間的支點使左右兩側可以上下晃動；而兩側必須重量相同才可以體現平衡原理，我們可以使用彈珠來模擬實驗。

斜面體現在溜滑梯上，透過斜面可讓物體安全地從高處到低處。你也可以試著增加或減少三角顆粒，改變斜面的斜度會有不同的效果！

彈力與單擺體現在盪鞦韆上，橡皮筋的彈力支撐懸空的座椅，以及單擺擺動時需要的動力。

★後記

我們往往會為了達到某種遊玩效果，而不斷去增加零件或是設計機構。雖然最終的效果達成了，但也導致模型變得過於複雜，孩子難以仿作我們的作品而感到挫折，進而影響他們的學習興趣與參與度。

因此在教學時，我們應盡可能的簡化模型，保留改良的空間讓孩子們去發揮他們的創意！

參考資料：

溜滑梯：https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/滑梯

盪鞦韆：https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/秋千

翹翹板：https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/蹺蹺板

課綱參考：

tm-Ⅲ-1 能經由簡單的探究與理解建立模型，且能從觀察及實驗過程中，理解到有不同模型的存在。

綜-3.樂於學習對生活事物充滿好奇與喜好探究之心，體會與感受學習的樂趣，並能主動發現問題及解決問題，持續學習。

自-E-A1 能運用五官，敏銳的觀察周遭環境，保持好奇心、想像力持續 探索自然。

身-中-2-2-2　綜合運用抓、握、扭轉、揉、捏的精細動作。